IMTN Journal of Management

The journal aims to publish papers that report research and cases that address real-life industry and management challenges and contribute to developing real solutions.

The Journal encourages contributions that cover the theoretical development and the practical application of both the “hard” and “soft” aspects of Business and applications of emerging technology in business management. Research can be from the private sector or the public sector of the industry – including manufacturing, health, education, local government, professional, and other service organizations.

IMT Nagpur Journal of Management welcomes manuscripts in the following areas:

• Marketing intelligence and planning
• Supply chain Management
• Competitiveness and collaboration
• Knowledge Management
• Globalization, business/government relations
• Productivity, efficiency, quality
• Sourcing, technology transfer/licensing
• Strategic planning, technology management/policies
• R&D and design management
• Multinational corporations, innovation, new technology, IT
• Management of production systems, factory, and office automation
• R&D/manufacturing/marketing and after-market interface
• International technology management policy and strategy
• Legal aspects and financial considerations
• Investment patterns and opportunities
• Technology relations/trends, esp. in the Far East, South Pacific, emerging markets
• Managing with Information Technology
• Management of Information Technology and Systems
• Introduction and Diffusion of IT
• Strategic Impact of IT
• Economics of IS and IT
• New Information Technologies and Their Impact on Organizations
• Human Factors in Information Systems
• Man/Machine Interface, GUI
• IS and Organizational Research Issues
• Graphical Problem Solving
• Multimedia Applications
• Knowledge Acquisition and Representation
• Data Modeling
• Database Management Systems
• Data Mining
• Model Management Systems
• Systems Analysis, Design, and Development
• Case Technologies
• Object-Oriented Design Methodologies
• System Design Methodologies
• System Development Environments
• Performance Modeling and Analysis
• Software Engineering
• Artificial Intelligence Applications to Organizational/Business Problems
• Expert Systems
• Decision Support Systems
• Machine Learning
• Neural Network Applications
• Meta-Heuristics and Business Problem Solving
• Distributed Computer Systems, Legacy Systems, Client – Server Computing
• End-User Computing
• Information Systems for Virtual Organizations
• IS and IT for Business Process Re-engineering
• IS for Total Quality Control
• IS for Supporting Team Work
• Negotiation Support Systems
• Group Decision Support Systems
• EDI
• Internet/WWW Applications
• Telecommunication Networks
• IT and International Information Systems
• Security in Networks and Systems
• Public Policy Issues dealing with Telecommunication
• Networks and Airways
• IS and IT Training
• GIS
• IS and IT Applications, e.g., in logistics, marketing, accounting, finance, and operations.

The journal is managed by an editorial board comprising distinguished academicians and industry professionals with extensive expertise in various management disciplines. Their collective experience ensures the publication of high-quality and impactful research.

1. Name – Dr. Samuel FOSSO-WAMBA
   Designation – Professor
   Institute – TBS Education, Toulouse, France
   Address – 1 Place Alphonse Jourdain – CS 66810 31068 TOULOUSE Cedex 7, France.,
   E-mail – s.fosso-wamba@tbs-education.fr
   Profile link – https://www.tbs-education.com/teacher/fosso-wamba-samuel/
2. Name – Dr. Atanu Ghosh
   Designation – Professor
   Institute – SJM School of Management, IIT Bombay
   Address – Pinecrest C Godrej Garden City, Ahmedabad 382470
   E-mail – atanu55@gmail.com, atanu_iitb@iitbombay.org
   Profile link – https://www.som.iitb.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Profile-Atanu-Ghosh-May-2021-2.pdf
3. Name – Dr. Jayant Shah
   Designation – Executive Director
   Institute – Academy of Indian Marketing
   Address – Flat no. 202-A, Indraprastha Tower, Opp. Ellora Park Vegetable Market, Race Course Circle Vadodara 390007 Gujarat
   E-mail – jayshah_ca@yahoo.com
   Profile link – https://www.linkedin.com/in/jay-shah-36195b7
4. Name – Prof. Arpan Kumar Kar
   Designation – Professor
   Institute – IIT Delhi
   Address – Department of Management Studies IV Floor, Vishwakarma Bhavan, IIT Delhi, Saheed Jeet Singh Marg, Hauz Khas, New Delhi – 110016
   E-mail – arpan_kar@yahoo.co.in
   Profile link – https://dms.iitd.ac.in/faculity_type/prof-arpan-kumar-kar/
5. Name – Prof. Sudhanshu Dinesh Joshi
   Designation – Associate Professor
   Institute – Doon University
   Address – #F104, Operations and Supply Chain Management Laboratory, School of Management, Doon University, P.O. Defense Colony Mothrowala Road, Kedarpur Dehradun:248001 (Uttarakhand) India
   E-mail – sudhanshujoshi@doonuniversity.ac.in
   Profile link – https://doonuniversity.irins.org/profile/170631
6. Name – Dr. Mani Venkatesh
   Designation – Associate Professor
   Institute – Montpellier Business School
   Address – Montpellier Business School 2300 Avenue des Moulins, 34080 Montpellier
   E-mail – m.venkatesh@montpellier-bs.com
   Profile link – https://www.montpellier-bs.com/?post_type=annuaire&p=108175
7. Name – Prof. Abhishek Behl
   Designation – Assistant Professor
   Institute – Management Development Institute
   Address – Management Development Institute Mehrauli Road, Sukhrali Gurugram – 122007, INDIA
   E-mail – abhishek.behl@mdi.ac.in
   Profile link – https://www.mdi.ac.in/faculty/abhishek-behl
8. Name – Dr. Jitendra Sharma
   Designation – Professor
   Institute – Institute of Management Technology Nagpur
   Address – 35 KM Milestone, Mouza Dorli, Katol Road, Nagpur 441502.
   E-mail – jsharma@imtnag.ac.in
   Profile link – https://www.imtnagpur.ac.in/profile?id=1
9. Name – Dr. Joby Thomas
   Designation – Professor
   Institute – Christ University, Bengaluru
   Address – CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bangalore Yeshwanthpur Campus ,Nagasandra, Near Tumkur Road,Bangalore- 560073, Karnataka, INDIA
   E-mail – joby.thomas@christuniversity.in
   Profile link – https://christuniversity.in/BUSINESS%20AND%20%20MANAGEMENT/faculty-details/MTU2/MzAx
10. Name – Dr. Anup Kumar
    Designation – Associate Professor
    Institute – Institute of Management Technology Nagpur
    Address – 35 KM Milestone, Mouza Dorli, Katol Road, Nagpur 441502.
    E-mail – ankumar@imtnag.ac.in
    Profile link – https://www.imtnagpur.ac.in/profile?id=53

Contents

Philosophy of IMTN Journal of Management

Who Can Submit?

General Submission Rules

Formatting Requirements

Rights for Authors and IMTN Journal of Management

Philosophy of IMTN Journal of Management

For more information, please see IMTN Journal of Management Aims and Scope page.

Who Can Submit?

Anyone may submit an original article to be considered for publication in IMTN Journal of Management provided he or she owns the copyright to the work being submitted or is authorized by the copyright owner or owners to submit the article. Authors are the initial owners of the copyrights to their works (an exception in the non-academic world to this might exist if the authors have, as a condition of employment, agreed to transfer copyright to their employer).

General Submission Rules

Submitted articles cannot have been previously published, nor be forthcoming in an archival journal or book (print or electronic). Please note: “publication” in a working-paper series does not constitute prior publication. In addition, by submitting material to IMTN Journal of Management, the author is stipulating that the material is not currently under review at another journal (electronic or print) and that he or she will not submit the material to another journal (electronic or print) until the completion of the editorial decision process at IMTN Journal of Management. Anonymous manuscripts are required. Please upload the manuscript without your name(s). If you have concerns about the submission terms for IMTN Journal of Management, please contact the editors.

Formatting Requirements

IMTN Journal of Management has rules about the formatting of the submission. See Final Manuscript Preparation Guidelines for details. It is ultimately the responsibility of the author to produce an electronic version of the article as a high-quality PDF (Adobe’s Portable Document Format) file, or a Microsoft Word, WordPerfect or RTF file that can be converted to a PDF file.

It is understood that the current state of technology of Adobe’s Portable Document Format (PDF) is such that there are no, and can be no, guarantees that documents in PDF will work perfectly with all possible hardware and software configurations that readers may have.

Rights for Authors and IMTN Journal of Management

As further described in our submission agreement (the Submission Agreement), in consideration for publication of the article, the authors assign to IMTN Journal of Management all copyright in the article, subject to the expansive personal–use exceptions described below.

Attribution and Usage Policies

Reproduction, posting, transmission or other distribution or use of the article or any material therein, in any medium as permitted by a personal-use exemption or by written agreement of IMTN Journal of Management, requires credit to IMTN Journal of Management as copyright holder (e.g., IMTN Journal of Management © 2024).

Personal-use Exceptions

The following uses are always permitted to the author(s) and do not require further permission from IMTN Journal of Management provided the author does not alter the format or content of the articles, including the copyright notification:

Storage and back-up of the article on the author’s computer(s) and digital media (e.g., diskettes, back-up servers, Zip disks, etc.), provided that the article stored on these computers and media is not readily accessible by persons other than the author(s);

Posting of the article on the author(s) personal website, provided that the website is non-commercial;

Posting of the article on the internet as part of a non-commercial open access institutional repository or other non-commercial open access publication site affiliated with the author(s)’s place of employment (e.g., a Phrenology professor at the University of Southern North Dakota can have her article appear in the University of Southern North Dakota’s Department of Phrenology online publication series); and

Posting of the article on a non-commercial course website for a course being taught by the author at the university or college employing the author.

People seeking an exception, or who have questions about use, should contact the editors.

General Terms and Conditions of Use

Users of the IMTN Journal of Management website and/or software agree not to misuse the IMTN Journal of Management service or software in any way.

The failure of IMTN Journal of Management to exercise or enforce any right or provision in the policies or the Submission Agreement does not constitute a waiver of such right or provision. If any term of the Submission Agreement or these policies is found to be invalid, the parties nevertheless agree that the court should endeavor to give effect to the parties’ intentions as reflected in the provision, and the other provisions of the Submission Agreement and these policies remain in full force and effect. These policies and the Submission Agreement constitute the entire agreement between IMTN Journal of Management and the Author(s) regarding submission of the Article.

Final Manuscript Preparation Guidelines for IMTN Journal of Management

This document provides details on typesetting and layout requirements pertaining to final manuscript submission to IMTN Journal of Management.

Formatting Requirements

• Do not include a title page or abstract. (Begin the document with the introduction; a title page, including the abstract, will be added to your paper by the editors.)
• Do not include page numbers, headers, or footers. These will be added by the editors.
• Write your article in English (unless the journal expressly permits non-English submissions).
• Submit your manuscript, including tables, figures, appendices, etc., as a single file (Word, RTF, or PDF files are accepted).
• Page size should be 8.5 x 11-inches.
• All margins (left, right, top and bottom) should be 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), including your tables and figures.
• Single space your text.
• Use a single column layout with both left and right margins justified.
• Font

1. Main Body—12 pt. Times or the closest comparable font available
2. Footnotes—10 pt. Times or the closest comparable font available

• If figures are included, use high-resolution figures, preferably encoded as encapsulated PostScript (eps).
• Copy edit your manuscript.
• When possible, there should be no pages where more than a quarter of the page is empty space.

Additional Recommendations

Indenting, Line Spacing, and Justification

Indent all paragraphs except those following a section heading. An indent should be at least 2 em-spaces.

Do not insert extra space between paragraphs of text with the exception of long quotations, theorems, propositions, special remarks, etc. These should be set off from the surrounding text by additional space above and below.

Don’t “widow” or “orphan” text (i.e., ending a page with the first line of a paragraph or beginning a page with the last line of a paragraph).

All text should be left-justified (i.e., flush with the left margin—except where indented). Where possible, it should also be right-justified (i.e., flush with the right margin). “Where possible” refers to the quality of the justification. For example, LaTeX and TeX do an excellent job of justifying text. Word does a reasonable job. But some word processors do a lousy job (e.g., they achieve right justification by inserting too much white space within and between words). We prefer flush right margins. However, it is better to have jagged right margins than to have flush right margins with awkward intra- and inter-word spacing. Make your decision on whichever looks best.

 Language & Grammar

All submissions must be in English. Except for common foreign words and phrases, the use of foreign words and phrases should be avoided.

Authors should use proper, Standard English grammar. The Elements of Style by William Strunk, Jr. and E. B. White (now in its fourth edition) is the “standard” guide, but other excellent guides (e.g., The Chicago Manual of Style, University of Chicago Press) exist as well.

Article Length

Because this journal publishes electronically, page limits are not as relevant as they are in the world of print publications. We are happy, therefore, to let authors take advantage of this greater “bandwidth” to include material that they might otherwise have to cut to get into a print journal. This said, authors should exercise some discretion with respect to length.

 Colored text

Set the font color to black for the majority of the text. We encourage authors to take advantage of the ability to use color in the production of figures, maps, etc., however, you need to appreciate that this will cause some of your reader’s problems when they print the document on a black & white printer. For this reason, you are advised to avoid the use of colors in situations where their translation to black and white would render the material illegible or incomprehensible.

Please ensure that there are no colored mark-ups or comments in the final version, unless they are meant to be part of the final text. (You may need to “accept all changes” in track changes or set your document to “normal” in final markup.)

Emphasized text

Whenever possible use italics to indicate text you wish to emphasize rather than underlining it. The use of color to emphasize text is discouraged.

 Font faces

Except, possibly, where special symbols are needed, use Times or the closest comparable font available. If you desire a second font, for instance for headings, use a sans serif font (e.g., Arial or Computer Modern Sans Serif).

 Font size

The main body of text should be set in 12pt. Avoid the use of fonts smaller than 6pt.

 Foreign terms

Whenever possible, foreign terms should be set in italics rather than underlined.

 Headings

Headings (e.g., start of sections) should be distinguished from the main body text by their fonts or by using small caps. Use the same font face for all headings and indicate the hierarchy by reducing the font size. There should be space above and below headings.

 Main text

The font for the main body of text must be black and, if at all possible, in Times or closest comparable font available.

Titles

Whenever possible, titles of books, movies, etc., should be set in italics rather than underlined.

Footnotes

Footnotes should appear at the bottom of the page on which they are referenced rather than at the end of the paper. Footnotes should be in 10 pt. Times or closest comparable font available, they should be single spaced, and there should be a footnote separator rule (line). Footnote numbers or symbols in the text must follow, rather than precede, punctuation. Excessively long footnotes are probably better handled in an appendix. All footnotes should be left and right-justified (i.e., flush with the right margin), unless this creates awkward spacing.

 Tables and Figures

To the extent possible, tables and figures should appear in the document near where they are referenced in the text. Large tables or figures should be put on pages by themselves. Avoid the use of overly small type in tables. In no case should tables or figures be in a separate document or file. All tables and figures must fit within 1.5″ margins on all sides (top, bottom, left and right) in both portrait and landscape view.

Mathematics

Roman letters used in mathematical expressions as variables should be italicized. Roman letters used as part of multi-letter function names should not be italicized. Whenever possible, subscripts and superscripts should be a smaller font size than the main text.

 Short mathematical expressions should be typed inline. Longer expressions should appear as display math. Also expressions using many different levels (e.g., such as the fractions) should be set as display math. Important definitions or concepts can also be set off as display math.

Equations should be numbered sequentially. Whether equation numbers are on the right or left is the choice of the author(s). However, you are expected to be consistent in this.

Symbols and notation in unusual fonts should be avoided. This will not only enhance the clarity of the manuscript, but it will also help insure that it displays correctly on the reader’s screen and prints correctly on her printer. When proofing your document under PDF pay particular attention to the rendering of the mathematics, especially symbols and notation drawn from other than standard fonts.

References

It is the author’s obligation to provide complete references with the necessary information. After the last sentence of your submission, please insert a line break—not a page break—and begin your references on the same page, if possible. References should appear right after the end of the document, beginning on the last page if possible. References should have margins that are both left and right- justified. You may choose not to right-justify the margin of one or more references if the spacing looks too awkward. Each reference should give the last names of all the authors, their first names or first initials, and, optionally, their middle initials. The hierarchy for ordering the references is:

1. Last name of first author
2. First name of first author
3. Last name of second author (if any). Co-authored work is listed after solo-authored work by the same first author (e.g., Edlin, Aaron S. would precede Edlin, Aaron S. and Stefan Reichelstein).
4. First name of second author
5. Publication date
6. Order cited in text

The information to be given with each citation in the references is as follows:

Articles in traditional journals:

Required: Author’s (authors’) name(s), title of article, name of journal, year of publication (or “n.d.” if no date), volume number, page numbers.

Optional (but desirable): issue number and month/season of publication. For forthcoming (in press) articles, put expected year of publication and substitute “forthcoming” for the volume and page numbers.

Optional (but desirable): A hyperlink to the article.

Books:

Required: Author’s (authors’) name(s), title of book, year of publication (or “n.d.” if no date), publisher, publisher’s address, edition (if not first). For forthcoming (in press) books, put expected year of publication and add “forthcoming.”

Chapters in collections or anthologies:

Required: Name(s) of author(s) of chapter, name(s) of editor(s) of book, title of chapter, title of book, year of publication (or “n.d.” if no date), publisher, publisher’s address, and edition (if not first). For forthcoming (in press) books, put expected year of publication and add “forthcoming.”

Working papers:

Required: Author’s (authors’) name(s), title of working paper, year (or “n.d.” if no date), location (e.g., “Department of Economics Working Paper, University of California, Berkeley” or “Author’s web site: http://www.someurl.edu/author.” If the working paper is part of series, then the series name and the number of the working paper within the series must also be given.

Other works:

Required: Author’s (authors’) name(s), title of work, year (or “n.d.” if no date), and information about how the reader could obtain a copy.

Within the references section, the citations can be formatted as you like, provided (i) the formatting is consistent and (ii) each citation begins with the last name of the first author. That is, the following would all be acceptable:

Smith, Adam (1776) The Wealth of Nations, . . .

Smith, A., The Wealth of Nations, . . . , 1776.

Smith, Adam: The Wealth of Nations, 1776, . . .

Use hanging indents for citations (i.e., the first line of the citation should be flush with the left margin and all other lines should be indented from the left margin by a set amount). Citations should be single-spaced with extra space between citations.

When works by the same author are listed in a row, use — instead of writing the name again. Hence, one might have

Smith, Adam: The Wealth of Nations, . . .

—: The Theory of Moral Sentiments, . . .

Similarly, instead of repeating two names use

“— and —.”

For instance,

Edlin, A. and S. Reichelstein (1995) . . .

— and — (1996) . . .

Within the text of your manuscript, use the author-date method of citation. For instance,

“As noted by Smith (1776).”

When there are two authors, use both last names. For instance,

“Edlin and Reichelstein (1996) claim . . . “

If there are three or more authors give the last name of the first author and append et al. For instance, a 1987 work by Abel, Baker, and Charley, would be cited as

“Abel et al. (1987).”

If two or more cited works share the same authors and dates, use “a,” “b,” and so on to distinguish among them. For instance,

“Jones (1994b) provides a more general analysis of the model introduced

in Example 3 of Jones (1994a).”

After the first cite in the text using the author-date method, subsequent cites can use just the last names if that would be unambiguous. For example, Edlin and Reichelstein (1996) can be followed by just Edlin and Reichelstein provided no other Edlin & Reichelstein article is referenced; if one is, then the date must always be attached.

When citations appear within parentheses, use commas—rather than parentheses or brackets—to separate the date from the surrounding text. For instance,

” …(see Smith, 1776, for an early discussion of this).”